Book Review: Wielding the Dagger
Wielding the Dagger: The MarineKorps Flandern and the German War Effort, 1914-1918
by Mark D. Karau, Praeger Publishers, 2003
ISBN 0-313-32475-1
This book is the only one I know of that treats the German naval efforts in Belgium during WW1 as its main subject. So for that reason, it's worth having
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The book itself is well-written but badly published. As in, it's sometimes difficult to read because of how the text is justified to be even on both margins. Instead of spreading letters out evenly, or adding more space between words, the extra space needed to fill out lines of text is in the form of regularly sized spaces between letters within words. Thus, many words on many lines are broken up, so that individual letters stand alone with spaces on both sides. AAARRRRGGGGHHHH!!!!!!
However, if you can get past that, the book's a good read with much valuable info
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MKF was a very interesting organization, a hybrid of naval and military forces. The bulk of the personnel were land-based in what were effectively naval infantry divisions. The original one of these captured the area, then was pulled out of the line to build and fortify the naval bases in Belgium. This division was replaced in the line, at the army's insistance, by a new, 2nd infantry division, which was later supplimented by a 3rd one in mid-1917. All this was just to support the naval and air operations from the bases of Ostend, Zeebrugge, and Brugges.
The history of MKF is a long line of woulda-coulda-shoulda indecision, like so much else in German WW1 policy. The Germans knew that bases in Belgium would be quite useful against Britain, and created MKF to exploit them, but then failed to take full advantage of them. MKF's commander (an admiral) was on a par with the other major German naval and army commanders, with direct access to the Kaiser and all. However, he had to argue with these other commanders for force allocation, and usually didn't get what he wanted. Thus, despite having a force specifically created to use subs and DDs against Brit shipping in the Channel area, and having turned the Belgian coast into about the most heavily fortified area in the world by March 1915, there weren't many subs or DDs assigned there until the 2nd 1/2 of the war. At this point, with the start of the unrestricted sub campaign, the Belgian bases assumed a huge importance to the Germans and the forces based there increased greatly. Of course, so did Brit efforts to neutralize these bases.
The book goes through all this history, mainly focusing on the arguments between the MKF commander and his peers, but also including details of the planning for German intervention in netural Holland in the event of a Brit invasion there. The Germans believed this would happen, especially during 1917, so put a lot of thought into what they would do. On the actual Flanders front, the book is very specific as regards DDs and TBs assigned there even temporarily, pretty good on the shore batteries (in terms of equipment, but not location), but less so with subs and even less with details on the air units. Some of the major DD actions are covered in fairly good detail for a book focusing on higher issues, and the damage done by subs over time is listed periodically.
All in all, this is a good book on its own merits and, by being somewhat unique, its value is enhanced. It makes a good addition to the various books on the Dover Patrol and Harwich Force, which were the primary opponents of MKF.